Elizabeth Sinclair, PhD | Office of Research

ADMIN MGR 2

Research Resource Program

Director - Core Immunology Laboratory (CIL)
Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine- San Francisco General Hospital
The goal of my research is to support immunology studies that will improve the clinical management and treatment of HIV/AIDS and related co-morbidities and inform the development of an effective vaccine against HIV. Additionally, I support immunological studies of aging, stress and cardiovascular disease. CIL enables highly collaborative multidisciplinary and translational research by providing access to immunology expertise, instrumentation and a wide range of immunology assay services. As director of CIL I determine which assays best address research hypothesis; evaluate and optimize new assays; devise practical and cost effective study designs; advise on data interpretation and assist with publication. In order to support the dynamic needs of cutting-edge translational research, CIL engages in continuous optimization and validation of new assays and modification of existing assays. Area’s of high interest include: HIV Eradication; T cell activation; cellular biomarkers of immune protection and cardiovascular disease and CSF lymphocyte dynamics in HIV-infection.

Publications

Hypomethylation of CYP2E1 and DUSP22 Promoters Associated With Disease Activity and Erosive Disease Among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.

Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)

Mok A, Rhead B, Holingue C, Shao X, Quach HL, Quach D, Sinclair E, Graf J, Imboden J, Link T, Harrison R, Chernitskiy V, Barcellos LF, Criswell LA

Identification of Genetically Intact HIV-1 Proviruses in Specific CD4+ T Cells from Effectively Treated Participants.

Cell reports

Hiener B, Horsburgh BA, Eden JS, Barton K, Schlub TE, Lee E, von Stockenstrom S, Odevall L, Milush JM, Liegler T, Sinclair E, Hoh R, Boritz EA, Douek D, Fromentin R, Chomont N, Deeks SG, Hecht FM, Palmer S

Long-term calorie restriction in humans is not associated with indices of delayed immunologic aging: A descriptive study.

Nutrition and healthy aging

Tomiyama AJ, Milush JM, Lin J, Flynn JM, Kapahi P, Verdin E, Sinclair E, Melov S, Epel ES

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Persistence and T-Cell Activation in Blood, Rectal, and Lymph Node Tissue in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals Receiving Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Khoury G, Fromentin R, Solomon A, Hartogensis W, Killian M, Hoh R, Somsouk M, Hunt PW, Girling V, Sinclair E, Bacchetti P, Anderson JL, Hecht FM, Deeks SG, Cameron PU, Chomont N, Lewin SR

Immunologic profiles distinguish aviremic HIV-infected adults.

AIDS (London, England)

Ramirez CM, Sinclair E, Epling L, Lee SA, Jain V, Hsue PY, Hatano H, Conn D, Hecht FM, Martin JN, McCune JM, Deeks SG, Hunt PW

Systematic and Cell Type-Specific Telomere Length Changes in Subsets of Lymphocytes.

Journal of immunology research

Lin J, Cheon J, Brown R, Coccia M, Puterman E, Aschbacher K, Sinclair E, Epel E, Blackburn EH

Impact of Two Measures of Micrometastatic Disease on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Ewing Sarcoma: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

Vo KT, Edwards JV, Epling CL, Sinclair E, Hawkins DS, Grier HE, Janeway KA, Barnette P, McIlvaine E, Krailo MD, Barkauskas DA, Matthay KK, Womer RB, Gorlick RG, Lessnick SL, Mackall CL, DuBois SG

Hypomethylation within gene promoter regions and type 1 diabetes in discordant monozygotic twins.

Journal of autoimmunity

Elboudwarej E, Cole M, Briggs FB, Fouts A, Fain PR, Quach H, Quach D, Sinclair E, Criswell LA, Lane JA, Steck AK, Barcellos LF, Noble JA

Implementation of a diuretic stewardship program in a pediatric cardiovascular intensive care unit to reduce medication expenditures.

American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists

Thomas CA, Morris JL, Sinclair EA, Speicher RH, Ahmed SS, Rotta AT

Site-specific differences in T cell frequencies and phenotypes in the blood and gut of HIV-uninfected and ART-treated HIV+ adults.

PloS one

Yukl SA, Shergill AK, Girling V, Li Q, Killian M, Epling L, Li P, Kaiser P, Haase A, Havlir DV, McQuaid K, Sinclair E, Wong JK

Longitudinal Genetic Characterization Reveals That Cell Proliferation Maintains a Persistent HIV Type 1 DNA Pool During Effective HIV Therapy.

The Journal of infectious diseases

von Stockenstrom S, Odevall L, Lee E, Sinclair E, Bacchetti P, Killian M, Epling L, Shao W, Hoh R, Ho T, Faria NR, Lemey P, Albert J, Hunt P, Loeb L, Pilcher C, Poole L, Hatano H, Somsouk M, Douek D, Boritz E, Deeks SG, Hecht FM, Palmer S

Tired telomeres: Poor global sleep quality, perceived stress, and telomere length in immune cell subsets in obese men and women.

Brain, behavior, and immunity

Prather AA, Gurfein B, Moran P, Daubenmier J, Acree M, Bacchetti P, Sinclair E, Lin J, Blackburn E, Hecht FM, Epel ES

Progressive increase in central nervous system immune activation in untreated primary HIV-1 infection.

Journal of neuroinflammation

Suh J, Sinclair E, Peterson J, Lee E, Kyriakides TC, Li FY, Hagberg L, Fuchs D, Price RW, Gisslen M, Spudich S

Limited HIV infection of central memory and stem cell memory CD4+ T cells is associated with lack of progression in viremic individuals.

PLoS pathogens

Klatt NR, Bosinger SE, Peck M, Richert-Spuhler LE, Heigele A, Gile JP, Patel N, Taaffe J, Julg B, Camerini D, Torti C, Martin JN, Deeks SG, Sinclair E, Hecht FM, Lederman MM, Paiardini M, Kirchhoff F, Brenchley JM, Hunt PW, Silvestri G

Programmed death-1 expression on CD4? and CD8? T cells in treated and untreated HIV disease.

AIDS (London, England)

Cockerham LR, Jain V, Sinclair E, Glidden DV, Hartogenesis W, Hatano H, Hunt PW, Martin JN, Pilcher CD, Sekaly R, McCune JM, Hecht FM, Deeks SG

Peripheral neuropathy in primary HIV infection associates with systemic and central nervous system immune activation.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Wang SX, Ho EL, Grill M, Lee E, Peterson J, Robertson K, Fuchs D, Sinclair E, Price RW, Spudich S

Low proportions of CD28- CD8+ T cells expressing CD57 can be reversed by early ART initiation and predict mortality in treated HIV infection.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Lee SA, Sinclair E, Jain V, Huang Y, Epling L, Van Natta M, Meinert CL, Martin JN, McCune JM, Deeks SG, Lederman MM, Hecht FM, Hunt PW

Impact of HIV on CD8+ T cell CD57 expression is distinct from that of CMV and aging.

PloS one

Lee SA, Sinclair E, Hatano H, Hsue PY, Epling L, Hecht FM, Bangsberg DR, Martin JN, McCune JM, Deeks SG, Hunt PW

The HIV-1 reservoir in eight patients on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy is stable with few genetic changes over time.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Josefsson L, von Stockenstrom S, Faria NR, Sinclair E, Bacchetti P, Killian M, Epling L, Tan A, Ho T, Lemey P, Shao W, Hunt PW, Somsouk M, Wylie W, Douek DC, Loeb L, Custer J, Hoh R, Poole L, Deeks SG, Hecht F, Palmer S

Prospective antiretroviral treatment of asymptomatic, HIV-1 infected controllers.

PLoS pathogens

Hatano H, Yukl SA, Ferre AL, Graf EH, Somsouk M, Sinclair E, Abdel-Mohsen M, Liegler T, Harvill K, Hoh R, Palmer S, Bacchetti P, Hunt PW, Martin JN, McCune JM, Tracy RP, Busch MP, O'Doherty U, Shacklett BL, Wong JK, Deeks SG

Immunosenescence is associated with presence of Kaposi's sarcoma in antiretroviral treated HIV infection.

AIDS (London, England)

Unemori P, Leslie KS, Hunt PW, Sinclair E, Epling L, Mitsuyasu R, Effros RB, Dock J, Dollard SG, Deeks SG, Martin JN, Maurer TA

The distribution of HIV DNA and RNA in cell subsets differs in gut and blood of HIV-positive patients on ART: implications for viral persistence.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Yukl SA, Shergill AK, Ho T, Killian M, Girling V, Epling L, Li P, Wong LK, Crouch P, Deeks SG, Havlir DV, McQuaid K, Sinclair E, Wong JK

Raltegravir treatment intensification does not alter cerebrospinal fluid HIV-1 infection or immunoactivation in subjects on suppressive therapy.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Dahl V, Lee E, Peterson J, Spudich SS, Leppla I, Sinclair E, Fuchs D, Palmer S, Price RW

Multisite comparison of high-sensitivity multiplex cytokine assays.

Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI

Breen EC, Reynolds SM, Cox C, Jacobson LP, Magpantay L, Mulder CB, Dibben O, Margolick JB, Bream JH, Sambrano E, Martínez-Maza O, Sinclair E, Borrow P, Landay AL, Rinaldo CR, Norris PJ

Immune activation, CD4+ T cell counts, and viremia exhibit oscillatory patterns over time in patients with highly resistant HIV infection.

PloS one

Kitchen CM, Yeghiazarian L, Hoh R, McCune JM, Sinclair E, Martin JN, Deeks SG

Valganciclovir reduces T cell activation in HIV-infected individuals with incomplete CD4+ T cell recovery on antiretroviral therapy.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Hunt PW, Martin JN, Sinclair E, Epling L, Teague J, Jacobson MA, Tracy RP, Corey L, Deeks SG

Minocycline fails to modulate cerebrospinal fluid HIV infection or immune activation in chronic untreated HIV-1 infection: results of a pilot study.

AIDS research and therapy

Ho EL, Spudich SS, Lee E, Fuchs D, Sinclair E, Price RW

T cell activation predicts carotid artery stiffness among HIV-infected women.

Atherosclerosis

Kaplan RC, Sinclair E, Landay AL, Lurain N, Sharrett AR, Gange SJ, Xue X, Parrinello CM, Hunt P, Deeks SG, Hodis HN

T cell activation and senescence predict subclinical carotid artery disease in HIV-infected women.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Kaplan RC, Sinclair E, Landay AL, Lurain N, Sharrett AR, Gange SJ, Xue X, Hunt P, Karim R, Kern DM, Hodis HN, Deeks SG

IL-2 immunotherapy to recently HIV-1 infected adults maintains the numbers of IL-17 expressing CD4+ T (T(H)17) cells in the periphery.

Journal of clinical immunology

Ndhlovu LC, Sinclair E, Epling L, Tan QX, Ho T, Jha AR, Eccles-James I, Tincati C, Levy JA, Nixon DF, Hecht FM, Barbour JD

Human herpesvirus replication and abnormal CD8+ T cell activation and low CD4+ T cell counts in antiretroviral-suppressed HIV-infected patients.

PloS one

Jacobson MA, Ditmer DP, Sinclair E, Martin JN, Deeks SG, Hunt P, Mocarski ES, Shiboski C

Plasma levels of bacterial DNA correlate with immune activation and the magnitude of immune restoration in persons with antiretroviral-treated HIV infection.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Jiang W, Lederman MM, Hunt P, Sieg SF, Haley K, Rodriguez B, Landay A, Martin J, Sinclair E, Asher AI, Deeks SG, Douek DC, Brenchley JM

Poor predictive value of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific T cell assays for the development of CMV retinitis in patients with AIDS.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

Jacobson MA, Tan QX, Girling V, Poon C, Van Natta M, Jabs DA, Inokuma M, Maecker HT, Bredt B, Sinclair E

Relationship between T cell activation and CD4+ T cell count in HIV-seropositive individuals with undetectable plasma HIV RNA levels in the absence of therapy.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Hunt PW, Brenchley J, Sinclair E, McCune JM, Roland M, Page-Shafer K, Hsue P, Emu B, Krone M, Lampiris H, Douek D, Martin JN, Deeks SG

Loss of T cell responses following long-term cryopreservation.

Journal of immunological methods

Owen RE, Sinclair E, Emu B, Heitman JW, Hirschkorn DF, Epling CL, Tan QX, Custer B, Harris JM, Jacobson MA, McCune JM, Martin JN, Hecht FM, Deeks SG, Norris PJ

Increased carotid intima-media thickness in HIV patients is associated with increased cytomegalovirus-specific T-cell responses.

AIDS (London, England)

Hsue PY, Hunt PW, Sinclair E, Bredt B, Franklin A, Killian M, Hoh R, Martin JN, McCune JM, Waters DD, Deeks SG

Human CD4+ regulatory T cells express lower levels of the IL-7 receptor alpha chain (CD127), allowing consistent identification and sorting of live cells.

Journal of immunological methods

Hartigan-O'Connor DJ, Poon C, Sinclair E, McCune JM

Protective immunity to cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS is associated with CMV-specific T cells that express interferon- gamma and interleukin-2 and have a CD8+ cell early maturational phenotype.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Sinclair E, Tan QX, Sharp M, Girling V, Poon C, Natta MV, Jabs DA, Inokuma M, Maecker HT, Bredt B, Jacobson MA

Neutralizing antibody responses against autologous and heterologous viruses in acute versus chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: evidence for a constraint on the ability of HIV to completely evade neutralizing antibody responses.

Journal of virology

Deeks SG, Schweighardt B, Wrin T, Galovich J, Hoh R, Sinclair E, Hunt P, McCune JM, Martin JN, Petropoulos CJ, Hecht FM

Safety and immunogenicity of Towne cytomegalovirus vaccine with or without adjuvant recombinant interleukin-12.

Vaccine

Jacobson MA, Sinclair E, Bredt B, Agrillo L, Black D, Epling CL, Carvidi A, Ho T, Bains R, Girling V, Adler SP

The independent effect of drug resistance on T cell activation in HIV infection.

AIDS (London, England)

Hunt PW, Deeks SG, Bangsberg DR, Moss A, Sinclair E, Liegler T, Bates M, Tsao G, Lampiris H, Hoh R, Martin JN

Phenotypic, functional, and kinetic parameters associated with apparent T-cell control of human immunodeficiency virus replication in individuals with and without antiretroviral treatment.

Journal of virology

Emu B, Sinclair E, Favre D, Moretto WJ, Hsue P, Hoh R, Martin JN, Nixon DF, McCune JM, Deeks SG

Standardization of cytokine flow cytometry assays.

BMC immunology

Maecker HT, Rinfret A, D'Souza P, Darden J, Roig E, Landry C, Hayes P, Birungi J, Anzala O, Garcia M, Harari A, Frank I, Baydo R, Baker M, Holbrook J, Ottinger J, Lamoreaux L, Epling CL, Sinclair E, Suni MA, Punt K, Calarota S, El-Bahi S, Alter G, Maila H, Kuta E, Cox J, Gray C, Altfeld M, Nougarede N, Boyer J, Tussey L, Tobery T, Bredt B, Roederer M, Koup R, Maino VC, Weinhold K, Pantaleo G, Gilmour J, Horton H, Sekaly RP

Immunologic and virologic evolution during periods of intermittent and persistent low-level viremia.

AIDS (London, England)

Karlsson AC, Younger SR, Martin JN, Grossman Z, Sinclair E, Hunt PW, Hagos E, Nixon DF, Deeks SG

Strong cell-mediated immune responses are associated with the maintenance of low-level viremia in antiretroviral-treated individuals with drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Deeks SG, Martin JN, Sinclair E, Harris J, Neilands TB, Maecker HT, Hagos E, Wrin T, Petropoulos CJ, Bredt B, McCune JM

Performance of plate-based cytokine flow cytometry with automated data analysis.

BMC immunology

Suni MA, Dunn HS, Orr PL, de Laat R, Sinclair E, Ghanekar SA, Bredt BM, Dunne JF, Maino VC, Maecker HT

T cell activation is associated with lower CD4+ T cell gains in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with sustained viral suppression during antiretroviral therapy.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Hunt PW, Martin JN, Sinclair E, Bredt B, Hagos E, Lampiris H, Deeks SG